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Data Center Water Impact Assessment Tool

WaterMark / Jurisdictions / Mecklenburg County, NC (Charlotte)

Mecklenburg County, NC (Charlotte): Data Center Water Impact

Reference data for evaluating a data center proposal in Mecklenburg County, NC (Charlotte). Every figure below is a stored value with its primary source attached. Facility-scale results are produced by the assessment tool.

Water supply

MetricValueSource / basis
Water utilityCharlotte WaterUtility of record
Supply sourceCatawba River / Lake NormanUtility of record
Treatment capacity215 MGDWater stress: WRI Aqueduct 4.0, HUC-8 03050101.
Water rate$5.20 / 1,000 galCharlotte Water published rate schedule
Watershed stressMedium (2.6 / 5)Water stress: WRI Aqueduct 4.0, HUC-8 03050101.

Watershed consumptive use

Basin: Upper Catawba (HUC-8 03050101). Figures are consumptive use, not withdrawal, because evaporative data center loss is consumptive. USGS data year 2020.

CategoryConsumptive use (MGD)Share of basin
Residential 95 67.7%
Thermoelectric power 30 21.4%
Industrial 8 5.7%
Irrigation 3 2.1%
Mining 0.3 0.2%
Existing data centers 4 2.9%
Total140.3100.0%

Total is the sum of the categories listed above. Shares are each category divided by that total. Source: USGS Water Use 2020, Mecklenburg County NC.

Grid generation water (Scope 2)

Generating the electricity a data center consumes evaporates water at the power plant. That volume is real, it is attributable, and it is excluded from most corporate "water positive" accounting. On a thermal grid it is frequently comparable to the facility's own cooling water.

MetricValueSource / basis
Grid regionDuke Energy CarolinasDuke Energy
Electric utilityDuke Energy CarolinasUtility of record
Grid water intensity0.5 gal / kWhMacknick et al. 2012 × Duke generation mix (~50% nuclear, 30% gas, balance coal/hydro/solar)
Local peak demand3,500 MWDuke Energy
Modeled rate impact7% to 16%See methodology

Where this water is consumed: Duke nuclear (McGuire) and thermo plants in the Catawba basin contribute meaningfully to Scope 2 water consumption.

Run this county at your facility size. The assessment tool computes direct (Scope 1) and indirect (Scope 2) water for a specific load, cooling system, and mitigation stack, with the same citations attached.

Open Mecklenburg County, NC (Charlotte) in the assessment tool

Reducing the footprint here

A high stress reading is a design constraint, not a verdict. Closed-loop and dry or hybrid cooling, adiabatic assist, immersion, and reclaimed or non-potable sourcing each move the direct number, and siting against a cleaner grid mix moves the indirect number. The solutions catalog lists each option with its water reduction, its energy and cost tradeoff, and its source.

Regulatory and siting status

Charlotte metro. Catawba-Wateree interbasin water issues. Duke Energy heavy-nuclear grid.

Sources: Water: Charlotte Water. Grid: Duke. NC DC tax exemption.

Comparative siting scores for this county, alongside every other county tracked, are on the US Siting Matrix.

CountyWater sourceWatershed stress
New Hanover County, NC (Wilmington) Cape Fear River Medium (2.4/5)

How these numbers are derived

Assumptions, formulas, and the full source list are in the methodology. WaterMark is published by Standard Water Corp and is not affiliated with any data center developer, utility, or government agency.